A Canadian study has found that children’s mattresses and bedding may expose them to harmful chemicals while they sleep—sometimes for up to 18 hours a day. Published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, the research reveals elevated levels of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in children’s sleeping microenvironments (SMEs)—the air and materials directly surrounding a sleeping child—compared to general bedroom air.
Researchers examined the presence of 51 SVOCs, including organophosphate esters (OPEs), phthalates (PAEs), and ultraviolet (UV) filters, using passive air samplers placed in mattresses, near sleeping areas, and around bedrooms in 25 homes across Ottawa and Toronto. They found that mattresses and bedding were major sources of chemicals such as TCPP, DEP, BP, and DnBP—some of which are known to cause hormonal disruptions, respiratory issues, and even cancer.
Mattresses often emit flame retardants and plasticizers, which are not chemically bound and can leach into air, dust, and skin. Despite existing flammability regulations in Canada, these products still contain potentially harmful additives. UV-328, one of the chemicals detected, is now listed as a Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) under international treaties.
The researchers urged governments to expand regulations to include mattresses and textiles—not just toys—and to speed up policy implementation. They also recommended practical steps for families, such as minimizing bedding, washing textiles often, and avoiding chemically treated mattress protectors.
In conclusion, the study stresses the need for stronger chemical safety standards to protect children from prolonged and concentrated exposure to indoor pollutants during sleep.