Fresh Air

Air pollution is considered a major environmental threat by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Kashmir’s air quality too has been a growing concern, particularly during winter when dense fog blankets the valley. Recent data indicate a significant rise in Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM or PM10) at all four monitoring stations in Srinagar over the last three years. The issue was raised in the ongoing session of the Legislative Assembly on Monday in Jammu. This deterioration in air quality demands a comprehensive and sustained effort from both the government and civil society to mitigate pollution and safeguard public health. As per the information provided by Chief Minister Omar Abdullah during the proceedings of the House, the Jammu and Kashmir government has implemented several measures to address noise, air, and water pollution across the Union Territory. Under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, industries are mandated to install Air Pollution Control Devices, and air quality is systematically monitored at 45 stations. Additionally, diesel generator sets ranging from 61 kW to 800 kW must incorporate emission control devices, achieving at least a 70% reduction in particulate matter. The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) is also being enforced in Jammu and Srinagar to reduce pollution levels. Furthermore, a Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station (CAAQMS) in Rajbagh, Srinagar, provides real-time data, aiding in targeted interventions. Industrial emissions contribute significantly to air pollution, and in response, the J&K Pollution Control Committee (PCC) has imposed a moratorium on new polluting industries in areas such as Khrew, Khonmoh, and Ghatti Kathua. The introduction of Zig-zag Technology in brick kilns has been mandated to curtail emissions. Additionally, high-pollution Red Category industries are prohibited from setting up operations, while only select Orange and Green Category industries are permitted. These measures aim to strike a balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability. Vehicular emissions remain a major contributor to deteriorating air quality. To address this, the government has introduced e-buses, e-autos, and e-rickshaws, alongside a Public Bicycle Sharing System to promote sustainable transport. Moreover, an Intelligent Traffic Control System has been implemented to alleviate congestion and reduce emissions from idling vehicles. Random vehicular emission checks are conducted regularly to ensure compliance with emission norms. Apart from regulatory measures, raising public awareness about air pollution is crucial. Plantation drives and educational programmes are being conducted to encourage environmental responsibility among citizens. While these initiatives are commendable, further action is required. Expanding public transport options, investing in renewable energy sources, and enforcing stricter emission standards for industries and vehicles would significantly improve air quality. Air pollution in Kashmir is a complex issue that necessitates a multi-faceted approach. The government’s current efforts, though substantial, must be continuously expanded and refined. Greater public participation, scientific innovation, and stricter enforcement of environmental regulations are essential to ensuring cleaner air and a healthier future for Kashmir’s residents. The valley can reduce the harmful impact of air pollution and ensure an environmentally sustainable future only through continuous dedication and cooperation.