Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming one of the most widespread liver conditions in the world. Closely linked to rising levels of obesity and type 2 diabetes, its increasing prevalence reflects broader health patterns associated with modern diets and lifestyles. Between 1990 and 2006, global estimates showed NAFLD affected approximately 25% of the population. This figure rose to 38% by 2019, with projections suggesting that by 2040, more than half the world’s population could be living with the condition. In certain parts of Asia, especially South-East Asia, prevalence rates are already high, while other regions, such as Africa, report comparatively lower numbers. Within India, health professionals have voiced concern over a growing burden of NAFLD, especially in regions like Kashmir valley. Here, the shift away from traditional dietary habits toward processed, calorie-dense foods is being blamed for a rise in liver-related illnesses. Medical experts describe the condition as a looming public health issue that is especially affecting younger individuals. Experts say the condition is deeply tied to modern eating patterns, where meals high in fat, sugar, and salt have replaced home-cooked foods that were once the norm. According to medical professionals, the popularity of fast food among children and teenagers has contributed to an early onset of liver fat accumulation. The same expert noted that cases of fatty liver are now being observed in individuals in their early twenties, a trend that was uncommon in previous decades. The impact of sedentary lifestyles has also been highlighted. Doctors have pointed out that physical inactivity, along with poor dietary choices, fuels obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes — all of which increase the risk of developing NAFLD. If the condition is not identified and addressed early, it can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which includes liver inflammation and damage. Over time, this may develop into fibrosis, chronic liver disease, or even liver cancer. Medical experts have noted that liver cancer is now surpassing hepatitis as a leading cause of liver-related deaths in certain areas. In the Kashmir valley, doctors estimate that among obese and diabetic patients, as many as 60% to 70% may already have NAFLD, though many remain undiagnosed. This lack of early detection is a major concern for public health. The Valley’s increasing reliance on convenience foods, combined with low awareness about liver health, is allowing the disease to spread quietly. Health experts continue to call for urgent lifestyle changes. They advise reducing the intake of fatty, salty, and sugary foods while increasing consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Daily physical activity, stress management, and the avoidance of alcohol and tobacco are also considered essential steps. Doctors also recommend adding more leafy greens, cruciferous vegetables, nuts, berries, and fish to the diet while avoiding added sugars and processed meals. These dietary shifts help prevent fatty liver and also improve overall health. With younger populations at risk and lifestyle habits continuing to change, addressing this condition requires greater public awareness, early screening and a balanced diet.
Fatty Threat
