The harmful effects of polythene are widely recognised, yet its use continues to be a major environmental concern. Being non-biodegradable, polythene persists in soil and water for centuries without breaking down, causing lasting pollution. When buried, it blocks the natural movement of air and water in the soil, reducing fertility and hampering plant growth. Large amounts eventually make their way into rivers, lakes, and oceans, where they pollute water bodies and endanger aquatic life. Animals such as cows, birds, and fish often mistake it for food, which can obstruct their digestive systems and lead to death. When burned, polythene releases toxic gases that pollute the air and pose serious health risks to humans. It also clogs drains and sewers, resulting in waterlogging and increasing the spread of disease. Despite these hazards, polythene bags remain in common use across Jammu and Kashmir, in both rural and urban areas, especially in markets, shops, and among street vendors. The ban on polythene carry bags in the region was first introduced in 2008 and later expanded to cover other single-use plastic products such as disposable plates, cups, and cutlery, with effect from July 1, 2022. However, the challenge lies in implementation. Enforcement measures, including raids, fines, and seizures, have been irregular and have produced only temporary results. Recently, the District Office of the Jammu & Kashmir Pollution Control Committee in Srinagar conducted an enforcement raid that resulted in the seizure of 3.50 metric tons of banned polythene material. This surprise inspection in the Tengpora area, carried out in coordination with local authorities, uncovered large quantities of material prohibited under the Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016. The confiscated polythene was sent for safe disposal in line with environmental guidelines. The District Officer of JKPCC stressed the environmental damage caused by the use, storage, and distribution of such material and urged shopkeepers, traders, and the public to adopt eco-friendly alternatives. Such enforcement drives must continue with greater frequency and intensity across the union territory, accompanied by strict action against illegal production and the unchecked entry of banned material into Jammu and Kashmir. Without consistent action and cooperation from the public, the problem of polythene pollution will persist, undermining both environmental health and public well-being. Raising awareness about the harmful effects of polythene is essential if the ban in Jammu and Kashmir is to achieve its purpose. Many people still use it out of convenience or lack of knowledge about its long-term impact. Public campaigns can help change this by explaining how polythene pollutes soil and water, endangers wildlife, and harms human health. Schools, colleges, and community centres can become hubs for awareness programmes, where students and residents learn about eco-friendly alternatives such as cloth or jute bags. Media, both traditional and digital, can be used to reach wider audiences with messages that encourage behavioural change. Demonstrations, street plays, and clean-up drives can also be effective in making people understand that avoiding polythene is not just a legal requirement but a responsibility towards the environment.
Eco Action
