On the day dozens of civilians were killed in a Russian rocket attack, Ukraine demanded an “immediate ceasefire” as the number of refugees fleeing the country crossed five lakh.
For the first time since the war began, Russia and Ukraine met on Monday. As the delegations arrived for talks on the border between Belarus and Ukraine on day five of Moscow’s invasion, the Ukrainian presidency demanded the ceasefire “and the withdrawal of troops” — which Moscow is almost certain to reject.
“I do not really believe in the outcome of this meeting, but let them try,” Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has said.
Severe financial sanctions imposed by the West on Moscow showed their impact on financial markets on Monday morning, with the Russian ruble collapsing to a record low and the Russian central bank more than doubling interest rates to 20 percent.
The sanctions targeting the Russian financial sector are intended to change the calculus of Kremlin leader Vladimir Putin, but on the ground, the roughly 100,000 Russian troops thought to be inside Ukraine continued an invasion from the north, east, and south.
Ukrainian troops have kept the country’s major cities out of Russian hands despite incursions in the capital Kyiv and the second-largest city, Kharkiv, over the weekend.
“The Russian occupiers have reduced the pace of the offensive,” the general staff of the Ukrainian armed forces said on Monday, again claiming that Moscow had suffered “heavy losses”.
The small southern city of Berdyansk has been occupied by Russian soldiers, however, Ukrainian officials said.
In the capital on Monday, after a relatively calm evening, people rushed out to buy food after the lifting of a strict blanket curfew imposed on Saturday, with local forces giving shoot-on-sight orders over the weekend.
Amid reports of further Russian troop movements towards Kyiv, Moscow said it had now “gained air superiority over the entire territory of Ukraine”, while accusing Ukrainian troops of using civilians as human shields.
Putin on Sunday ordered Russia’s nuclear forces onto high alert in response to what he called “unfriendly” steps by the West, whose unity and speed in imposing sanctions on the Russian economy has surprised observers.
“The Western sanctions on Russia are hard, but our country has the necessary potential to compensate the damage,” Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told journalists on Monday.
The UN’s refugee agency UNHCR said over half a million people have fled Ukraine since the invasion began.
“More than 500,000 refugees have now fled from Ukraine into neighboring countries,” UN refugee chief Filippo Grandi said in a tweet.
The grim figure came as talks got underway at the Belarus-Ukraine border on Monday, which included Ukraine’s defence minister and other officials from Ukraine and Russia.
Zelensky meanwhile issued another video address, wearing his now trademark green khaki sweatshirt, calling on the European Union to agree to “the immediate accession of Ukraine via a new special procedure”.
The head of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, gave her personal support on Sunday in an interview with the Euronews channel, but without specifying a timeframe.
“They are one of us and we want them in,” she said.
The EU announced it would provide 450 million euros ($500 million) for Ukraine to buy weapons, including Russian-made fighter jets that Ukrainian pilots could operate.
Russia’s central bank announced on Monday it was more than doubling its key interest rate to 20pc, dramatically raising the cost of borrowing, because the economy’s situation had “drastically changed”.
The value of the ruble collapsed against the dollar on Monday, down 20pc in midday trading, while the Moscow Stock Market was closed for the day.
The ruble was trading at around 100 to the dollar, worth around a third of its value compared with 2014 when Putin annexed the Ukrainian province of Crimea.
The West has prevented some Russian banks from accessing the SWIFT bank system, which is used to settle international trade and has frozen Russian central bank assets held overseas, depriving Moscow of access to these emergency funds.
The European Central Bank warned on Monday that the European subsidiary of the Russian state-owned Sberbank was facing bankruptcy.
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