The global saffron market was estimated at USD 602.2 million in 2023, and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.1% from 2024 to 2030. Saffron, often referred to as ‘red gold’, has long been a symbol of cultural heritage and economic vitality in Kashmir. The global saffron market is projected to expand steadily, driven by its applications in healthcare and cosmetics. The spice’s unique compounds, such as crocin and safranal, which contribute to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, have fuelled demand in industries ranging from pharmaceuticals to beauty products. However, realising the full potential of Jammu and Kashmir’s saffron sector requires addressing challenges while building on recent progress. Recent initiatives under the National Mission on Saffron have yielded measurable results. As per information provided in the ongoing session of the Legislative Assembly, the Government has successfully halted decline in saffron area, and the area under this crop has remained at 3,715 hectares (3,665 ha in Kashmir division, and 50 ha in Kishtwar) since 2010–11, with more areas identified for expansion, supported by HADP. The productivity has increased from 2.50 kg/ha in 2009–10 to a maximum recorded productivity of 4.42 kg/ha in rejuvenated areas during 2023. The construction of community bore-wells, though incomplete, has aimed to stabilise water access for over 3,600 hectares of saffron land. Scientific drying techniques, introduced by the Indian Institute of Kashmir Saffron and Technology Centre, doubled colour quality retention, while stigma recovery rates improved by 27%, directly enhancing market value. These efforts, coupled with e-auctions that bypass intermediaries, have enabled farmers to secure prices up to Rs. 220,000 per kilogram—a threefold increase from previous years. Yet, persistent gaps threaten sustained growth. Nearly a third of planned bore-wells remain unfinished due to stalled tenders, and 77 existing wells lie non-functional. Delays in resolving these issues risk reversing gains in crop yields. Meanwhile, encroachment by real estate developers and sporadic vandalism of infrastructure highlight the need for stronger safeguards to protect agricultural land. Revitalising stalled bore-well projects could involve revising tender terms to attract local contractors, or exploring public-private partnerships. Regular maintenance protocols, perhaps managed by farmer cooperatives, could prevent infrastructure decay. Concurrently, stricter zoning laws and faster legal recourse against land conversion would help preserve saffron fields. Expanding the adoption of IIKSTC’s methods is equally vital. While some farmers have embraced scientific drying and planting techniques, broader outreach programmes—led by peer educators familiar with local practices—could accelerate knowledge transfer. Training in soil health management and climate-resilient farming would further insulate crops against erratic weather patterns. Diversification into value-added products, such as saffron-infused oils or dietary supplements, could open new revenue streams, while geographical indication certification would reinforce Kashmir’s brand identity in global markets. The role of farmer inclusion in policy decisions cannot be overstated. The formation of committees integrating growers, traders, and community representatives has already built trust; expanding their mandate to monitor project implementation could enhance accountability. Moreover, transparent reporting on mission outcomes, including challenges, would enable timely course corrections.
Red Gold
